Prof. Rajeev Sangal Professor International Institute of Information Technology - Hyderabad India

1. Overview

2. Teaching

• Natural Language Processing Area

Introduction to NLP

NLP Applications

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Dialogue Systems Natural Language Semantics Topics in Natural Language Parsing (Hide ...)



• Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence



• Scripting & Software Technology

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Scripting & Software Technology Software Techonologies (Hide ...)



• Humanities

Human Values I

Human Values II

Search for Humane Society

Polictical & Economic Thought for Humane Society

3. Research Interests

3.1 Natural Language Processing


I (along with my senior colleague Dr Vineet Chaitanya) have developed Computational Paninian Grammer (CPG) for Indian languages and beyond. It is a dependency model based on Paninian insights applied to modern Indian languages.

I also work on parsing of free word-order languages, including Indian languages. Work includes parsing using Computational Paninian Grammar (CPG) framework and machine learning from treebank.

I lead a consortium of 12 academic institutions to build Machine Translation Systems for 9 Indian language pairs. These are bi-directional and hence 18 systems in all.

I work on discourse & dialogue, specifically on Natural Language Interface to Databases (NLIDB systems). The aim is to develop a portable system, across languages and domains, so that people without linguistic expertise and basic technical knowledge can use such a NLP application.

For details of the different subareas, see below in 3.1X.


3.2 Artificial Intelligence


I am interested in Knowledge Representation and Ontology particularly on identifying the right level of both which helps one connect with NLP. PurposeNet is an outcome of that research. See below in 3.2X.


3.3 New Curricula in Computer Science
• I have worked on the design of a research oriented curriculum for Computer Science.
  It was implemented at IIIT Hyderabad ; a newly setup research university in 1998 - 1999.
1. A Research Oriented Undergraduate Curriculum: Design Principles and Concrete Realization
   Rajeev Sangal
   October, 2011
2. A Research-Oriented Undergraduate Curriculum in Computer Science
   Rajeev Sangal
   Published in CSI Communications of Computer Society of India, January 2008.
• It has resulted in a number of research groups which have become within a short period the largest in India in areas such as:
1. IIIT - Hyderabad > Research

3.4 Humanities
• I have been working on incorporating Human values in education as a part of academic curriculum and incorporating it in running of an institution.
1. Syllabi for Human Values Courses at IIIT - H
   
   • See Recent Book:
     A Foundation Course in Human --> Values and Professional Ethics
     RR Gaur, Rajeev Sangal, GP Bagaria
     Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010.
2. Frquently asked questions (FAQs) on Should Human Values be a part of academic curriculum
   
• I was an organizer of National Convention on Value Education Through Jeevan Vidya, May 2007 ( jointly organized by IIT Kanpur, IIT Delhi & IIIT Hyderabad ) held at IIT Delhi
• The following are some papers :
  
  1. An Experiment on Introducing Human Values Course in Undergraduate Curriculum of Engineering Education
     Ramancharla Pradeep Kumar, Rajeev Sangal, Abhijit Mitra, Navjyoti Singh and Kamalakar Karlapalem.
     Northeast American Society of Engineering Education Conference, April 03-04,2009
     University of Bridgeport.
     

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  1. An Experiment on Introducing Human Values Course in Undergraduate Curriculum of Engineering Education
     Ramancharla Pradeep Kumar, Rajeev Sangal, Abhijit Mitra, Navjyoti Singh and Kamalakar Karlapalem.
     Northeast American Society of Engineering Education Conference, April 03-04,2009
     University of Bridgeport.
     
  2. Value Education: Relieving Peer Pressure, Addressing Culture and Stimulating Studies
     Rajeev Sangal. (Keynote address at National Convention on Value Education through Jeevan Vidya at IIT Delhi from May 22-24, 2007)
     
  3. Some Experiments on Resolving Problems through Relationship rather than Punishment
     Rajeev Sangal
     In Proc. of National Convention on Value Education through Jeevan Vidya, May 22-24, 2007
     IIT Delhi
     

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3.5 Challenges in Higher Education
Some of my experiences in building a university are given in presentations
1. Building a Research University: A Case Study of IIIT Hyderabad
2. Tenth Anniversary Presentation (link to be added)

3.6 Books
I have also authored books in the field computer science and humanities.
1. A Foundation Course in Human Values and Professional Ethics
   RR Gaur, Rajeev Sangal, GP Bagaria
   Excel Books, New Delhi, 2010.
2. Natural Language Processing: A Paninian Perspective
   Akshar Bharati, Vineet Chaitanya and Rajeev Sangal
   Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi, 1995.
3. LISP Programming
   Rajeev Sangal
   Tata-McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1995.
4. Programming Paradigm in LISP
   Rajeev Sangal
   McGraw Hill, New York, 1991. (International student edition by McGraw Hill-Kogakusha, Singapore, 1992.)

4. Professional Activities

• Awards/Honours
1. Fellow, Indian National Academy of Engineers (Awarded Oct. 2009)
2. Fellow, Computer Society of India (Awarded Dec. 2012)


• Member of Committees
1. President - NLP Association, India : 2002 - Current
2. Member - Editorial Board, Computational Linguistic Journal of ACL : 2004 - 2006
3. Member - Editorial Board, Computer Science & Informatics, Journal of Computer Society of India : 1995 - 2003
4. Member - National Review Committee for Postgraduate Programme in Engineering : 1999 - 2000


• Conference Organizations :Recent Conferences
1. 1. International Conference on Natural Language Processing (ICON), Gen. Chair : 2002 - 2011
2. International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (IJCNLP) Chair, Local Organizing Committee : 2008
3. International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) Chair, Local Arrangements Committee : 2007
4. Nanional Convention on Value Education through Jeevan Vidya - Chair, Organizing Committee : May 2007, IIT Delhi
5. Role of Apex Education Institutions in Higher Education : September 2008, IIIT Hyderabad

6. Links Worth Visiting

• Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam mentions Jeevan Vidya in his speech on the eve of the 60th Independence day: Click Here

1. Consortium Leadership :
   I lead a consortium of 9 academic institutions to build Machine Translation Systems for 9 Indian language pairs. These are bi-directional and hence 18 systems in all.
   To try out the released systems click on : Sampark
1. Re-engineering Machine Translation Systems through Symbiotic Approach
   Pawan Kumar,Rashid Ahmad,Arun Kumar,Mukul K Sinha,Rajeev Sangal
   In proceedings of 3rd International Conference of Contemporary Computing (IC3 2010)
2. Handling Multi-word Expressions without Explicit Linguistic Rules in an MT System
   Akshar Bharati, Rajeev Sangal, Dipti M Sharma, Sriram V and T Papi Reddy
   Proceedings of Seventh International Conference on TEXT, SPEECH and DIALOGUE - 2004, Brno, Czeck Republic
   
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1. Re-engineering Machine Translation Systems through Symbiotic Approach
   Pawan Kumar,Rashid Ahmad,Arun Kumar,Mukul K Sinha,Rajeev Sangal
   In proceedings of 3rd International Conference of Contemporary Computing (IC3 2010)
2. Handling Multi-word Expressions without Explicit Linguistic Rules in an MT System
   Akshar Bharati, Rajeev Sangal, Dipti M Sharma, Sriram V and T Papi Reddy
   Proceedings of Seventh International Conference on TEXT, SPEECH and DIALOGUE - 2004, Brno, Czeck Republic
   
3. Machine translation activities in India: A survey
   Akshar Bharati, Rajeev Sangal, Dipti M Sharma and Amba P Kulkarni
   Proceedings of workshop on survey on Research and Development of Machine Translation in Asian Countries, Thailand, May 13-14, 2002
   
4. An algorithm for aligning sentences in Bilingual Corpora Using Lexical Information
   Akshar Bharati, Sriram V, Vamshi Krishna, Rajeev Sangal and S M Bendre
   Proceedings of ICON-2002: International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Mumbai, 18-21 Dec 2002
   
5. An Intermediate Language for Machine Translation: An Approach based on Sanskrit Using Conceptual Graph Notation
   Rajeev Sangal and Vineet Chaitanya
   Computer Science and Informatics Journal, Computer Society of India, 1987, 17, 1, pp. 9-21
   

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2. I have also worked to develop Shakti Machine Translation from English to Hindi
• Tutorial on Shakti MT system   Link not activated
3. Earlier I have also used Anusaaraka Models to build language access systems across Indian languages during 1991 - 1998
• Chapter 7 - NLP: A Paninian Persective



   The following are research papers :
1. Anusaaraka: Overcoming the Language Barrier in India
   Akshar Bharati, Amba P Kulkarni, Vineet Chaitanya, Rajeev Sangal and G. Umamaheshwara Rao
   
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1. Anusaaraka: Overcoming the Language Barrier in India
   Akshar Bharati, Amba P Kulkarni, Vineet Chaitanya, Rajeev Sangal and G. Umamaheshwara Rao
   
2. Anusaaraka: Machine Translation in Stages
   Vineet Chaitanya, Amba P Kulkarni, and Rajeev Sangal
   Vivek, A Quarterly in Artificial Intelligence, 10, 3, July 1997, pp. 22-25
   
3. Anusaraka as a Measuring Device for the Linguist
   Akshar Bharati, Vineet Chaitanya and Rajeev Sangal
   South Asian Langauge Review, 1995b, June, V, 2, pp. 90-93, Creative Books, New Delhi
   
4. Anusaaraka: Machine Translation in Stages
   Akshar Bharati, Vineet Chaitanya, Amba P Kulkarni and Rajeev Sangal.
   
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1. A Novel Approach Towards Building a Portable NLIDB System Using the Computational Paninian Grammar Framework
   Abhijeet Gupta, Arjun Akula, Deepak Malladi, Puneeth Kukkadapu, Vinay Ainavolu, Rajeev Sangal
   Published in "IALP-2012: International Conference on Asian Language Processing, Hanoi - Vietnam"
   
2. A Novel Approach for Tagging of Discourse Segments in Help-desk Emails
   Suman Yelati, Rajeev Sangal
   Next Trends in Email Workshop of WI-IAT, France, September 2011

1. Shallow Parsing of Indian Languages
1. HMM Based Chunker for Hindi
   Akshay Singh, S M Bendre and Rajeev Sangal
   Proceedings of IJCNLP-05: The Second International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 11-13 October, 2005, Jeju Island, Republic of Korea
   
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1. HMM Based Chunker for Hindi
   Akshay Singh, S M Bendre and Rajeev Sangal
   Proceedings of IJCNLP-05: The Second International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 11-13 October, 2005, Jeju Island, Republic of Korea
   
2. Generic Morphological Analysis Shell
   Akshar Bharati, Rajeev Sangal, Dipti M Sharma and Radhika Mamidi
   Proceedings of LREC 2004 - SALTMIL Workshop: First Steps in Language Documentation for Minority Languages. Lisbon, Portugal. 24th-30th May 2004
   
3. Unsupervised Improvement of Morphological Analyzer for Inflectionally Rich Languages
   Akshar Bharati, Rajeev Sangal, S M Bendre, Pavan Kumar and Aishwarya
   Proceedings of NLPRS-2001, Tokyo, 27-30 November 2001Proceedings of NLPRS-2001, Tokyo, 27-30 November 2001
   
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2. Unsupervised Parsing
1. Two Approaches for Building an Unsupervised Dependency Parser and Their Other Applications
   Jagadeesh Gorla, Amit Goyal, Rajeev Sangal.
   AAAI 2007. pp.1860-1861.
   
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1. Two Approaches for Building an Unsupervised Dependency Parser and Their Other Applications
   Jagadeesh Gorla, Amit Goyal, Rajeev Sangal.
   AAAI 2007. pp.1860-1861.
   
2. A Graph Based Method for Building Multilingual Weakly Supervised Dependency Parsers
   Jagadeesh Gorla, Anil Kumar Singh, Rajeev Sangal, Karthik Gali, Samar Husain and Sriram V
   Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Natural Language Processing (GoTAL). Gothenburg, Sweden. 2008
   
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3. Corpus Processing
1. Basic Statistical Analaysis of Corpus and Cross Comparision
   Akshar Bharati, Prakash Rao, Rajeev Sangal and S M Bendre
   Proceedings of ICON-2002: International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Mumbai, 18-21 Dec 2002
   
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1. Basic Statistical Analaysis of Corpus and Cross Comparision
   Akshar Bharati, Prakash Rao, Rajeev Sangal and S M Bendre
   Proceedings of ICON-2002: International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Mumbai, 18-21 Dec 2002
   
2. Some Observations on Corpora of Some Indian Languages
   Akshar Bharati, Sushama Bendre and Rajeev Sangal
   
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4. Font conversion and learning
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1. Generating Converters between Fonts Semi-automatically
   Akshar Bharati, Nisha Sangal, Vineet Chaitanya, Rajeev Sangal and G Uma Maheshwara Rao
   Proc. of SAARC conference on Multi-lingual and Multi-media Information Technology, CDAC, Pune, 1-4 Sept. 1998b
   
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5. Others
1. Dashboard: An Integration and Testing Platform based on Blackboard Architecture for NLP Applications
   Pawan Kumar,Arun Kumar,Rashid Ahmad,Mukul K Sinha,Rajeev Sangal
   6th International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering (IEEE NLP-KE 2010)
2. Unit Selection Voice for Amharic Using Festvox
   Sebsibe H/Mariam, Kishore S.P., Rohit Kumar, Alan W Black and Rajeev Sangal
   Published in the Proceedings of 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop,14-16 June 2004, Pittsburgh, PA
   
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1. Unit Selection Voice for Amharic Using Festvox
   Sebsibe H/Mariam, Kishore S.P., Rohit Kumar, Alan W Black and Rajeev Sangal
   Published in the Proceedings of 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop,14-16 June 2004, Pittsburgh, PA
   
2. Experiments with Unit Selection Speech Databases for Indian Languages
   S.P. Kishore, Alan W Black, Rohit Kumar and Rajeev Sangal
   Presented in the seminar on Language Technology Tools: Implementation of Telugu, 2003, Hyderabad, India
   
3. A Document Space Model for Automated Text Classification based on Frequency Distribution across categories
   Akshar Bharati, Kiran Varanasi, Chaitanya Kamisetty, Rajeev Sangal and S M Bendre
   Published in the proceedings of ICON-2002: International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Mumbai, 18-21 Dec 2002
   
4. Building Hindi and Telugu Voices using Festvox
   Kishore S.P., Rajeev Sangal and M Srinivas
   Published in the proceedings of ICON-2002: International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Mumbai, 18-21 Dec 2002
   
5. Approximate Grammar for Information Extraction
   Sriram V, Ravi Sekhar Reddy and Rajeev Sangal
   Published in the proceedings of International Conference on Universal Knowledge and Language(ICUKL),Goa, 25 Novmeber to 29 November, 2002
   
6. A Data-Driven Synthesis Approach for Indian Languages using Syllable as Basic Unit
   Kishore S.P., Rohit Kumar and Rajeev Sangal
   Published in the proceedings of ICON-2002: International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Mumbai, 18-21 Dec 2002
   
7. LERIL: Collaborative Effort for Creating Lexical Resources
   Akshar Bharati, Dipti M Sharma, Vineet Chaitanya, Amba P Kulkarni, Rajeev Sangal and Durgesh Rao
   Published in the Proceedings of Workshop on Language Resources in Asia, along with NLPRS-2001, Tokyo, 27-30 November 2001
   
8. Building a Free Infra-structure for South-Asian Languages
   Akshar Bharati, Vineet Chaitanya, Amba P Kulkarni and Rajeev Sangal
   Proc. of SAARC conference on Multi-lingual and Multi-media Information Technology, CDAC, Pune, 1-4 Sept. 1998a, (Keynote lecture)
   
9. Parsing Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar with Dynamic Expansion
   Budhiraja, Navin and Subrata Mitra and Harish Karnick and Rajeev Sangal
   Proc. of Int. Workshop on Parsing Technologies, pp. 458-467, Center for Machine Translation, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburg, 1989
   
10. Natural Language Processing, Complexity Theory and Logic
    Akshar Bharati, Rajeev Sangal and Vineet Chaitanya
    Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science 10, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 472, K.V. Nori and C.E. Veni Madhavan, eds., 1990a, pp. 410-420, Springer Verlag, Berlin.
    
11. Computational Linguistics and Its Relation to Linguistics
    Akshar Bharati, Vineet Chaitanya and Rajeev Sangal
    International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics, 1992a, XXI, 2, pp. 106-114
    
12. Reference and Ellipsis in an Indian Languages Interface to Databases, Computer Science and Informatics
    Akshar Bharati, Y. Krishna Bhargava and Rajeev Sangal
    J. of Computer Society of India, 1993, 23, 3, pp. 60-82, September, 1993
    
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1. Hindi Semantic Category Labeling Using Semantic Relatedness Measures
   Siva Reddy,Abhilash Inumella,Navjyoti Singh,Rajeev Sangal
   Global Wordnet Conference 2010 (GWN2010 2010)
2. An Ontological Resource Organized Around Purpose
   P Kiran Mayee, Rajeev Sangal, Soma Paul and Navjyoti Singh
   Published in "ICON-2008: 6th International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Pune 2008
   
3. A New Inference Procedure for Conceptual Graphs
   Akshar Bharati, S.A. Nawathe, Vineet Chaitanya and Rajeev Sangal
   4th University of New Brunswick Artificial Intelligence Symposium, 1991d, 19-21 Sept., Frederiction, N.B. Canada